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Over the last forty years, with the dramatic decline of rainfall and the consequences of climate change, the situation of Peul women has been getting worse. Many men must migrate seasonally into cities, in search of employment. It is then up to the women to do whatever it takes to secure the group’s survival. Today, the women from the Wouro Birigui community await the arrival of a grain mill, which could improve their condition and that of the little girls who, from the age of five, take part in the community’s activities.
This morning, Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim and her team are leading a workshop alongside a lawyer, about the rights of women. In this community, polygamy and forced marriage are still the norm and their consequences for the girls and women are as horrendous as ever, including high numbers of girls dying during childbirth.
The entire village is present. Men and women sit together on mats between the cattle trails, separated by a blue curtain. This in itself represents a mini-revolution in the heart of this patriarchal society.
L'association AFPAT sait que l’éducation est la clef de l'émancipation de ces femmes nomades. Elle interpelle l’État dans un pays où les Peuls sont les laissés-pour-compte des politiques de développement et éprouvent parfois le sentiment de vivre en milieu hostile et d'être abandonnés.
Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim, peule et Chadienne, une femme peule au cœur de la lutte contre le changement climatique, by Marion Chastain [Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim, a Peul woman at the heart of the struggle against climate change]
Link to the video:
https://information.tv5monde.com/
terriennes/hindou-oumarou-ibrahim-une-femme-peule-au-coeur-de-la-lutte-contre-le-changement
Bororo: échange d'expérience sur l’adaptation climatique [Bororo: shared experiences around climate change] produced by IPAAC
The Association des femmes peules autochtones du Chad (AFPAT) : http://www.afpat.net/ [Association of Native Peul Women of Chad]
In conjunction with their struggle for the rights and emancipation of women, the association also fights against the effects of global warming.
PISCCA (Projets Innovants des sociétés civiles et des coalitions d’acteurs – Innovative projects of civil societies and participant coalitions) is a program put in place by the French Embassy in Chad, which supports the AFPAT in improving the condition of women’s lives.
IPAAC is a network of 40 organizations in 22 African countries, working on human rights and the rights of native communities.
Peuls, Tierno Monénembo, published by Seuil
Tierno Monémembo tells the saga of the Peul people. A people’s spirit is resurrected through its legends, historical events and individual destinies.
Une quête de la vérité sur la route des larmes
C'est à l’hôtel Bonaventure de Montréal qu'ont eu lieu les premières auditions de la commission d’enquête. Fanny Wylde retrouve Cheryl, de la communauté Mohawk, sidérée par le désintérêt de la police pour la recherche de sa sœur après le signalement de sa disparition. Carleen, mère de trois enfants, sera retrouvée par hasard par un chasseur, sept semaines plus tard, à deux kilomètres de chez elle. Morte. Elle s'est suicidée. Cheryl s’interroge encore sur une forme de racisme, l’apathie politique et l’indifférence des médias qui font passer ces crimes pour de simple faits divers. Pour Cheryl et pour toutes les autres familles de victimes, la commission d’enquête offre une lueur d’espoir et de justice.
Today, encouraged by the personal account of Hindou’s sister Aissatou, who was the victim of a forced marriage at age 12, Asten has waited for the non-profit’s treasurer for two hours outside her hut. In her hands are calabashes she wishes to give her. She wants to thank her, but also to testify on her own behalf, while remaining hidden from sight, and speak up about her condition as a woman in the community. The interview lasts just a few minutes. A man walks by and she immediately ducks out of sight. That evening, Aissatou finds comfort by hugging her six-months old baby, this one born of a love marriage.
A popular saying in Chad goes: “God created all the creatures on earth, even flies, before creating the Peul people”. This ought to illustrate the sort of discrimination that Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim grew up with. Thanks to her mother, the daughter of an imam who stood up against tradition, Hindou was able to attend and stay in school and refuse a forced marriage. At age 15, she became acutely aware of the destiny awaiting her nomadic sisters in their native region of Chari-Baguirmi, some 300km south of N’djamena. Ever since, she has been working alongside the non-profit organization Association des Femmes Peules Autochtones du Chad (AFPAT), fighting against discrimination and for the emancipation of the Mbororo-Peul women.
The Peul people from Southern Chad are the last African nomads. Their numbers today are said to be around 250,000. It is a pastoral community that travels the Sahel band with its herds, following the seasons in search of water and grazing pastures. The Peuls live off of their herds and the sale of milk, but theirs is the most discriminated against and marginalized group in all of Chad. In these communities, Peul women play a central, pivotal role. Wives and mothers, some as young as age 12, their lives boil down to hard, silent toil. They manage the resources and the household and are in charge of the physical and moral education of the children, also known as the “pulaaku”. And yet, they are prisoners of traditional practices and customs such as excision and forced marriage, and their access to education is practically nil.
MILLION POPULATION OF TCHAD
NO ACCES TO HEALTHCARE OR EDUCATION IN THE COMMUNITIES
,9
MORE THAN TWO THIRDS
OF CHADIANS HAVE BEEN MARRIED BEFORE THEIR MAJORITY
28% BEFORE 15 YEARS
OF WOMEN IN CHAD HAVE SUFFERED GENITAL MUTILATIONS
PEULS OUT OF
LESS RAINFALL IN SAHEL DESERT IN THE LAST 20 YEARS
OF BOYS ARE SCHOOLED
PRATICALLY 0% OF GIRLS
%
%
%
%
PORTRAIT
PORTRAIT
A LIFE OF TOIL
A LIFE OF TOIL
A LIBERATION OF SPEECH
A LIBERATION OF SPEECH
THE WORK SHOP
THE WORK SHOP
HINDOU OUMAROU
IN THE MANDOUL REGION, FROM OUADDAI TO TANDJILÉ
2 OUT OF 3 GIRLS ARE MARRIED BEFORE THE AGE OF 18
HINDOU OUMAROU IBRAHIM
THE WORKSHOP
CRÉDITS
A LIBERATION OF SPEECH
A LIFE OF TOIL
TO KNOW MORE
THE PORTRAIT
THE SUBJECT
